| | wellbutrin ritalin depression catapres ritalin - One night, he accidentally took 400mg. In the first double-blind, randomized controlled trial of lamotrigine in mania, Ichim and colleagues (Ichim et al 2000) allocated 30 hospital inpatients meeting the DSM-IV criteria for bipolar I disorder, manic phase, to treatment with either lamotrigine or lithium over 4 weeks. Other psychotropic agents were discontinued for at least a day prior to commencing the trial. Both treatment arms produced comparable response rates and extent of improvement, as measured by the MRS, brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), CGI severity (CGI-S) and improvement (CGI-I) scales, and the Global assessment of functioning (GAF) scale. Additionally, there were no significant differences between the treatment arms over the course of the study period, notable given the slow dose titration for lamotrigine. This study had several limitations, the strongest of which being its insufficient power arising from the small sample size. The use of a relatively low dose of lamotrigine (100 mg/day) and a fixed lithium dose (800 mg/day) may also have confounded the results. Such encouraging findings have not been replicated by other double-blind trials, although these have been few in number and their comparability compromised by differing methodologies that were likewise imperfect. - http://www.restorandzo.com/mentalhealth/ritalin.html primidone painful urination primidone tlc - Tardive dyskinesia is an incurable neurological disorder that causes involuntary grimacing and muscle spasms. Although atypical antipsychotics such as Seroquel are supposed to pose a lower risk of the condition than older drugs, some researchers suspect that the drugs simply have not been in use long enough for many cases of the condition to develop, as it normally takes prolonged drug use for tardive dyskinesia to emerge. Want more, plus easy CME credit? - http://www.restorandzo.com/mentalhealth/mysoline.html artane xhija artane branch - Schizophrenia is a serious mental health condition that causes disordered ideas, beliefs and experiences. Risperidone is used to relieve the symptoms of schizophrenia and other similar mental health problems. Such symptoms include hearing, seeing, or sensing things that are not real, having mistaken beliefs, and feeling unusually suspicious. Gabapentin was originally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1994, for use as an adjuvant medication to control partial seizures (effective when added to other antiseizure drugs). In 2002, an indication was added for treating postherpetic neuralgia (neuropathic pain following shingles).<>4] - http://www.restorandzo.com/mentalhealth/artane.html selegiline for depression safe selegiline smoking cessation - Reuters reported on March 25, 2010, that "Pfizer Inc violated federal racketeering law by improperly promoting the epilepsy drug Neurontin ... Under federal RICO law the penalty is automatically tripled, so the finding will cost Pfizer $141 million."<>2] The case stems from a claim from Kaiser Foundation Health Plan Inc. that "it was misled into believing Neurontin was effective for off-label treatment of migraines, bipolar disorder and other conditions. Pfizer argued that Kaiser physicians still recommend the drug for those uses."<>3] Lamotrigine is approved in the US for maintenance treatment of Bipolar I disorder.<>] While traditional anticonvulsant drugs are predominantly antimanics, lamotrigine is most effective for preventing the recurrent depressive episodes of bipolar disorder. The drug seems ineffective in the maintenance of current rapid-cycling, mania, or depression bipolar disorder; however, it is effective at prophylaxis or delaying the mania, depressive, or rapid cycle.<>] According to studies in 2007, lamotrigine may treat bipolar depression without triggering mania, hypomania, mixed states, or rapid-cycling.<>] - http://www.restorandzo.com/mentalhealth/selegiline.html sinemet cr supplied sinemet package insert cr - It must be borne in mind, however, that the total number of clinical trials in this area is small. There are four randomized controlled trials in mania producing inconclusive results due to marred methodologies, several published randomized trials in bipolar depression of varying designs, lamotrigine utilization and sample characteristics, and only one randomized controlled trial in rapid cycling illness. This limited evidence base stands favorably in the area of bipolar depression treatment, which is marked by a paucity of safe and efficacious treatment options. As the evidence stands at present, lamotrigine seems to be a generally well-tolerated and, providing that dose titration and concurrent valproate precautions are followed, a safe treatment option whose main disadvantage is a restricted efficacy repertoire in mania, compared with the best-available standard of lithium. Its advantages are primarily a favorable adverse effect profile and evidence of its superior efficacy in the prophylaxis of bipolar depression, which should be its main first-line indication. Consideration of bipolar subtype and index polarity in acute episodes may be helpful, as it may provide evidence-based guidance on the selection of the maintenance agent. More specifically, bipolar disorder presenting in manic phase would suggest lithium as the preferred maintenance, whereas bipolar II disorder or an index bipolar depressive episode may indicate lamotrigine as a suitable option, in monotherapy or combination treatment, especially if lithium is relatively contraindicated. Predictors of lamotrigine response include atypical depression, comorbid anxiety and substance use, failure to respond to lithium, valproate or carbamazepine, and a family history of substance use or anxiety (Narasimhan and Buckley 2006). It remains that few medications have an adequate evidence base for the treatment and prevention of bipolar depression, despite its phenotypic dominance in bipolar disorder. The use of antidepressants remains controversial, in view of concerns for the risk of antidepressant-induced mania and cycle acceleration (Goldberg and Truman 2003). In this regard, lamotrigine, with its apparent efficacy in the treatment and prevention of bipolar depression, may have a unique place in the bipolar pharmacological armamentarium. Ketter (Ketter and Calabrese 2002) has classified maintenance therapies into those that stabilize mood from above (mania or hypomania) and those that do so from below (depression), with lamotrigine the sole member of the latter category. This paper aims to review the evidence for the efficacy of lamotrigine in bipolar disorder, and to provide some practical recommendations in the clinical setting. - http://www.restorandzo.com/mentalhealth/sinemet.html
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